*Chapter 5: Turkey

*Use dataset 'Chapter 5 Turkey 1935 1965'
*Figure 5.2: Changes in Percentage Turkish and Urbanization in Turkey, 1935-1965
ssc install egenmore
replace clock=3
replace clock=9 if province=="Antalya"
replace clock=4 if province=="Aydin"
replace clock=12 if province=="Balıkesir"
replace clock=10 if province=="Bilecik"
replace clock=8 if province=="Bolu"
replace clock=8 if province=="Burdur"
replace clock=4 if province=="Çankiri"
replace clock=2 if province=="Çorum"
replace clock=1 if province=="Denizli"
replace clock=3 if province=="Zonguldak"
replace clock=9 if province=="Edirne"
replace clock=1 if province=="Erzurum"
replace clock=9 if province=="Giresun"
replace clock=9 if province=="İçel"
replace clock=4 if province=="Isparta"
replace clock=4 if province=="Kars"
replace clock=9 if province=="Kastamonu"
replace clock=4 if province=="Kayseri"
replace clock=2 if province=="Kir./Niğ."
replace clock=9 if province=="Kocaeli"
replace clock=12 if province=="Konya"
replace clock=1 if province=="Küta."
replace clock=9 if province=="Malatya"
replace clock=9 if province=="Maraş"
replace clock=9 if province=="Mardin"
replace clock=6 if province=="Muğla"
replace clock=1 if province=="Samsun"
replace clock=9 if province=="Sinop"
replace clock=12 if province=="Tokat"
replace clock=1 if province=="Trab."
replace clock=12 if province=="Yozgat"
twoway (lfitci dTurkish dUrban) (scatter dTurkish dUrban, msize(small) mlabel(province) mcolor(black) mlabcolor(black) mlabvpos(clock)) if data3565==1, ytitle(Change in % Turkish 1935-1965) xtitle(Change in % Urban 1935-1965) legend(off)
*generating dfbeta data that shows Ankara and Istanbul are outliers
drop _dfbeta_1
reg dTurkish dUrban
dfbeta
tab province _dfbeta_1 if abs(_dfbeta_1)>.2 & _dfbeta_1!=.

*Use dataset 'Chapter 5 Turkey Panel Data 35 45 55 65'
*Table 5.2: Descriptive Statistics for Turkey Data
*w/o Ankara and Istanbul provinces (and 1945 Tunceli obs), for reasons explained in the text
summarize turkish urban nnative roads literate IG if datamin==1

*Table 5.3: Urbanization and Ethnic Change in Turkey, 1935-1965
xtreg turkish urban nnative IG i.year if datamin==1, fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkish urban nnative IG lroads literate i.year if datamin==1, fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkish urban nnative IG i.year if datamin==1 & twentypkurd35==0, fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkish urban nnative i.year if datamin==1 & IG==0, fe cluster (provinceid)

*Robustness checks mentioned in the text
*maximizing the number of observations overall instead of generating a minimum of 50 observations per year
xtreg turkish urban nnative IG i.year if datamax==1, fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkish urban nnative IG lroads literate i.year if datamax==1, fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkish urban nnative IG i.year if datamax==1 & twentypkurd35==0, fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkish urban nnative i.year if datamax==1 & IG==0, fe cluster (provinceid)
*weighting the data by province
xtreg turkish urban nnative IG i.year if datamin==1 [aweight=pweight], fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkish urban nnative IG lroads literate i.year if datamin==1 [aweight=pweight], fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkish urban nnative IG i.year if datamin==1 & twentypkurd35==0 [aweight=pweight], fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkish urban nnative i.year if datamin==1 & IG==0 [aweight=pweight], fe cluster (provinceid)
*using Mutlu (1996)'s adjusted data on % kurdish in 1965
xtreg turkishadj urban nnative IG i.year if datamin==1, fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkishadj urban nnative IG lroads literate i.year if datamin==1, fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkishadj urban nnative IG i.year if datamin==1 & twentypkurd35==0, fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkishadj urban nnative i.year if datamin==1 & IG==0, fe cluster (provinceid)
*only 1935, 1945 and 1955 (due to potential problems with measuring Kurdish identity in 1965 census)
xtreg turkish urban nnative IG i.year if datamin==1 & year!=1965, fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkish urban nnative IG lroads literate i.year if datamin==1 & year!=1965, fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkish urban nnative IG lroads literate i.year if datamin==1 & year!=1965 & twentypkurd35==0, fe cluster (provinceid)
xtreg turkish urban nnative lroads literate i.year if datamin==1 & year!=1965 & IG==0, fe cluster (provinceid)
